主题：【转帖】REACH法案的最新动态(取自法国ENS报导)

ENS法国，史特拉斯堡报导

欧洲议会13日通过一项化学品总量管制的新欧盟新化学物政策法案，未来将要求制造商登记其生产或进口的化学产品，并于每年提出数据。其所列管的3万种化学品，有许多是生活中常见商品的原料，如化妆品、玩具及建材等。
未来制造商必须呈交一份替代方案，以较安全的物质取代有毒化学物质；而在列管的3万种化学物当中，大约3000种最毒物已有替代物，倘若市面上还没有适用的替代物质，制造商就得提出研发计划。
这项法规名为REACH（Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals；化学品注册、评估、授权法案），未来将取代欧盟现行管理化学物的40条法律。这项法案将自2007年6月起强制执行，登记程序预计要花11年才能完成——取决于化学物的危害风险和制造量，但所有列管物质都需在2018年之前完成登记。
欧盟环境执委狄玛斯（Stavros Dimas）表示，「REACH具有非常重要的立法意义，绝对可以保护人民健康和环境安全，可以增进我们对化学物质的了解而更安全地使用，并促使制造商研发较安全的替代物质。」
然而，环保和消费团体认为REACH不够完善。在一份联合声明中，由欧洲地球之友、欧洲女性共创未来国际组织、绿色和平组织、欧洲消费者合作组织、健康和环境联盟和欧洲环保联盟代表全球31国143个团体共同指出，「REACH最大的漏洞是容许很多危害健康的物质继续用于生产各样消费产品，这些化合物可能导致癌症、胎儿畸形、生殖系统异常。」
欧洲化学企业长期以来持续针对REACH进行游说动作，希望能维持业界最大利益，3年来的苦心总算没有白费。环保团体表示，13日欧盟议会通过的法案版本显然是业界大胜，削弱了REACH初衷美意。
环保团体指出，「更多的让步还包括允许一年进口和制造量低于10吨的公司，可免除于此项法令规范之外，不需提供任何有意义的安全数据。然而这些公司所使用的化学物质有60%在REACH的管制之下。」

European Parliament Adopts World's Strictest Chemicals Law
STRASBOURG, France, December 14, 2006 (ENS)
The European Parliament Wednesday approved a new regulation for 30,000 chemicals which will oblige producers to register all chemical substances produced or imported above a total quantity of one metric ton per year. Many are chemicals used in everyday products such as cosmetics, toys and building materials.
Producers will have to submit a substitution plan to replace these toxic chemicals with safer ones. When no alternative exists, producers must present a research plan aimed at finding one. The substitution measure covers about 3,000 of the most hazardous chemical substances.
The regulation, known as REACH for Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals, replaces 40 legislative texts that now govern chemicals in the European Union.
The regulation will enter into force in June 2007, and the registration process will take 11 years to be completed. The calendar for registration depends on the risk of the substance and the quantity produced, but all covered substances will have to be registered by 2018.
European Environment Commissioner Stavros Dimas said, "REACH is an extremely important piece of legislation, which will significantly improve the protection of human health and the environment. It will increase our knowledge about chemicals, enhance safety, and spur innovation while encouraging substitution of highly dangerous substances by safer ones."
But environmental and consumer groups say the REACH regulation does not go far enough. "Major loopholes in REACH will still allow many chemicals that can cause serious health problems, including cancer, birth defects and reproductive illnesses, to continue being used in manufacturing and consumer goods," according to a joint statement by Friends of the Earth Europe, Women in Europe for a Common Future, Greenpeace Europe, Eurocoop, the Health & Environment Alliance, and the European Environmental Bureau, which represents 143 member organizations in 31 countries.
The European chemical industry has lobbied long and hard to shape the regulation in their favor during the three years of negotiations that led to its adoption by Parliament Wednesday. The environmental groups note that industry won concessions that weaken the rule.
"Further concessions exempt companies which import and manufacture chemicals in volumes below 10 tons a year - 60 percent of chemicals covered by REACH - from the requirement to provide any meaningful safety data," the groups said.

全文及图片详见http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/dec2006/2006-12-14-01.asp