极性的大小用偶极矩(electric dipole moment)量度.
The dielectric constant of solids is an interesting material parameter only if the material is exposed to an electrical field (and this includes the electrical field of an electromagnetic wave). The effect of the electrical field (or just field for short from now on) can be twofold:
1. It induces electrical dipoles in the material and tries to align them in the field direction. In other words, with a field, dipoles come into being that do not exist without a field.
2. It tries to align dipoles that are already present in the material. In other words, the material contains electric dipoles even without a field.
自 http://www.tf.uni-kiel.de/matwis/amat/elmat_en/index.html
我认为,极性与介电常数之间没有明确的正比反比关系. 如上所述, 外加电场对电介质的作用,一是当电介质内无偶极矩时,外加电场促使电介质内部产生偶极矩, 并试图平行其方向. 二是当电介质内有偶极矩时,外加电场可能激发产生更多的偶极子, 并试图将电介质内部的偶极子全部平行其方向.
但是,本人并没看到相关资料介绍二者之间的正反比关系. 能否请教楼主所得结论的出处. 指教一二!
(无任何冒犯, 只为了把这些概念搞清楚, 这一直以来也是我试图明朗化的知识点!)