Table of Contents
PARTIAL
1 Introduction.
1.1 Nanometers, Micrometers, Millimeters.
1.2 Moores Law.
1.3 Esakis Quantum Tunneling Diode.
1.4 Quantum Dots of Many Colors.
1.5 GMR 40Gb Hard Drive Read Heads.
1.6 Accelerometers in your Car.
1.7 Nanopore Filters.
1.8 Nanoscale Elements in Traditional Technologies.
2 Systematics of Making Things Smaller, Pre-quantum.
2.1 Mechanical Frequencies Increase in Small Systems.
2.2 Scaling Relations Illustrated by a Simple Harmonic Oscillator.
2.3 Scaling Relations Illustrated by Simple Circuit Elements.
2.4 Thermal Time Constants and Temperature Differences Decrease.
2.5 Viscous Forces Become Dominant for Small Particles in Fluid Media.
2.6 Frictional Forces can Disappear in Symmetric Molecular Scale Systems.
3 What are Limits to Smallness?
3.1 Particle (Quantum) Nature of Matter: Photons, Electrons, Atoms, Molecules.
3.2 Biological Examples of Nanomotors and Nanodevices.
3.3 How Small can you Make it?
4 Quantum Nature of the Nanoworld.
4.1 Bohrs Model of the Nuclear Atom.
4.2 Particle-wave Nature of Light and Matter, DeBroglie Formulas k= h/p, E = hv.
4.3 Wavefunction W for Electron, Probability Density W*W, Traveling and Standing Waves.
4.4 Maxwells Equations; E and B as Wavefunctions for Photons, Optical Fiber Modes.
4.5 The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle.
4.6 Schrodinger Equation, Quantum States and Energies, Barrier Tunneling.
4.7 The Hydrogen Atom, One-electron Atoms, Excitons.
4.8 Fermions, Bosons and Occupation Rules.
5 Quantum Consequences for the Macroworld.
5.1 Chemical Table of the Elements.
5.2 Nano-symmetry, Di-atoms, and Ferromagnets.
5.3 More Purely Nanophysical Forces: van der Waals, Casimir, and Hydrogen Bonding.
5.4 Metals as Boxes of Free Electrons: Fermi Level, DOS, Dimensionality.
5.5 Periodic Structures (e.g. Si, GaAs, InSb, Cu): Kronig¿Penney Model for Electron Bands and Gaps.
5.6 Electron Bands and Conduction in Semiconductors and Insulators 97
5.7 Hydrogenic Donors and Acceptors 102
5.8 More about Ferromagnetism, the Nanophysical Basis of Disk Memory 103
5.9 Surfaces are different, Schottky barrier thickness W = [2eeoVB/eND]1/2.
6 Self-assembled Nanostructures in Nature and Industry.
6.1 Carbon Atom 126C 1s2 2p4 (0.07 nm).
6.2 Methane CH4, Ethane C2H6, and Octane C8H18.
6.3 Ethylene C2H4, Benzene C6H6, and Acetylene C2H2.
6.4 C60 Buckyball ~0.5nm.
6.5 Cinfinity Nanotube ~0.5nm.
6.6 InAs Quantum Dot ~5nm.
6.7 AgBr Nanocrystal 0.1-2 mm.
6.8 Fe3O4 Magnetite and Fe3S4 Greigite Nanoparticles in Magnetotactic Bacteria.
6.9 Self-assembled Monolayers on Au and Other Smooth Surfaces.
7 Physics-based Experimental Approaches to Nanofabrication and Nanotechnology.
7.1 Silicon Technology: the INTEL-IBM Approach to Nanotechnology.
7.2 Lateral Resolution (Linewidths) Limited by Wavelength of Light, now 180nm.
7.3 Sacrificial Layers, Suspended Bridges, Single-electron Transistors.
7.4 What is the Future of Silicon Computer Technology?
7.5 Heat Dissipation and the RSFQ Technology.
7.6 Scanning Probe (Machine) Methods: One Atom at a Time.
7.7 Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) as Prototype Molecular Assembler.
7.8 Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) Arrays.
7.9 Fundamental Questions: Rates, Accuracy and More.
8 Looking into the Future.