13.A closed circuit is required for electrical current to run, that is once the electrons have shed their energy they must return to the point of release. This is the task of the counter electrode which absorbs the electrons from the power consuming device. These electrons return - by means of the electrolyte - to the dye molecules from which they were released.
14.To realize this a counter electrode is required to absorb the electrons from the energy consuming device. The electrons are transferred to ions present in the liquid electrolyte. To enable this transfer to occur smoothly a catalyst is required. This is the function of the graphite deposited on the TCO of the counter electrode.
15.The ‘charged’ ions carry the electrons thru the liquid and pores of the Tio2 ‘sponge’ until they get to the dye molecules short of electrons. The electrons now transfer from the ions to the dye molecules. This step closes the electrical circuit so the process is able to repeat itself.
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