美味菜肴的香气的gcMS分析----葱烧海参
葱烧海参北方名菜,从山东源入,以水发海参和大葱为主料,海参清鲜,柔软香滑,葱段香浓,食后无余汁。是“古今八珍”之一,葱香味醇,营养丰富,滋肺补肾。所用主要食材当然是海参了,大葱少不了,还有其它调料:精盐、味精、青蒜、湿淀粉、姜末、鸡汤、姜汁、糊葱油、白糖、熟猪油、酱油、料酒等。
美国惠普HP5890plus/5972A气相色谱-质谱联用仪,带FID检测器。
1.2 样品和标样
样品:葱烧海参,现场采集于自某大酒店。
所有香气化合物标准品均来自Sigma-Aldrich等主要试剂公司,少数为实验室内部精制标样。C6-C30正构烷混合标准物来自AccuStandard
1.3 gc/MS条件
1.3.1 色谱条件:
色谱柱:安捷伦HP-Innowax (60m×0.25 mm ( i.d.)×0.25μm)毛细管柱;
升温程序:60℃,以3 ℃/min升至250℃,保持68 min;
载气(He,纯度99.999%以上)流速1.6 mL/min;
进样口温度250℃,不分流进样。
1.3.2质谱条件:
电子轰击(EI)离子源;电子能量70eV;传输线温度280℃;离子源温度约180℃;四级杆温度150℃。SCAN扫描范围:29-400。
1.4样品处理及分析方法
表葱烧海参成分表
No | Chemical Name | Area% |
1 | Pentane | 17.000 |
2 | Methyl cyclopentane | 0.723 |
3 | Dimethyl sulfide | 0.179 |
4 | Octane | 0.315 |
5 | Acetone | 0.086 |
6 | Ethyl acetate | 0.387 |
7 | 2-butanone | 0.229 |
8 | 2-methyl butanal | 0.423 |
9 | 3-methyl butanal | 1.999 |
10 | Ethanol | 11.032 |
11 | 2-ethyl furan | 0.182 |
12 | Isododecane | 0.322 |
13 | citronellene | 0.143 |
14 | Diacetyl | 0.573 |
15 | Valeraldehyde | 1.490 |
16 | Decane | 0.537 |
17 | Pinene alpha | 0.358 |
18 | Ethyl butyrate | 0.050 |
19 | 2E-butenal | 0.401 |
20 | cycloheptatriene | 0.193 |
21 | 2,3-pentanedione | 0.093 |
22 | Camphene | 0.602 |
23 | dimethyl disulfide | 0.122 |
24 | Hexanal | 5.895 |
25 | tiglinaldehyde | 1.991 |
26 | Pinene beta | 0.645 |
27 | Butanol | 0.580 |
28 | Carene delta-3 | 0.143 |
29 | 2-methyl-2-pentenal | 0.115 |
30 | Methyl amyl ketone | 0.064 |
31 | Heptanal | 0.595 |
32 | Isoamyl alcohol | 3.832 |
33 | Limonene | 12.321 |
34 | Eucalyptol | 0.530 |
35 | beta-phellandrene | 0.516 |
36 | Tr-2-hexenal | 1.017 |
37 | 2-pentyl furan | 0.630 |
38 | Pentanol | 0.501 |
39 | gamma-terpinene | 0.050 |
40 | 3,4-dimethyl thiophene | 2.500 |
41 | Methyl-1-propenyl disulfide tr | 0.860 |
42 | 2-methyl pyrazine | 0.150 |
43 | Acetoin | 0.415 |
44 | Styrene | 1.046 |
45 | Methyl-1-propenyl disulfide cis | 2.486 |
46 | p-cymol | 0.358 |
47 | Acetol | 0.838 |
48 | 2,5-dimethyl pyrazine | 0.143 |
49 | Tr-2-heptenal | 1.698 |
50 | Ethyl lactate | 5.086 |
51 | Hexanol | 0.301 |
52 | Dimethyl trisulfide | 0.501 |
53 | 2,3,5-trmethyl pyrazine | 0.301 |
54 | Nonanal | 1.340 |
55 | Tr-2-octenal | 0.351 |
56 | 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethyl pyrazine | 0.193 |
57 | hepten-3-ol | 0.408 |
58 | Acetic acid | 2.944 |
59 | furfural | 0.716 |
60 | Tr-2-tr-4-heptadienal | 0.473 |
61 | 2-furyl methyl ketone | 0.193 |
62 | Camphor | 0.358 |
63 | Benzaldehyde | 0.107 |
64 | Tr-2-nonenal | 0.158 |
65 | Linalool | 0.150 |
66 | Octanol | 0.451 |
67 | Dimethyl sulfoxide | 0.150 |
68 | 5-methyl furfural | 0.172 |
69 | Butyrolactone gamma | 0.186 |
70 | butyric acid | 0.530 |
71 | menthol | 0.344 |
72 | Caryophyllene beta | 1.519 |
73 | acetophone | 0.122 |
74 | Furfuryl alcohol | 0.165 |
75 | Diethyl succinate | 0.702 |
76 | Tr-2-tr-4-decadienal 1 | 0.587 |
77 | Coproic acid | 0.623 |
78 | Phenylethyl alcohol | 1.870 |
79 | BHT | 0.372 |
80 | Maltol | 0.036 |
81 | Methyl 2-pyrrolyl ketone | 0.258 |
Total | 99.030 |