主题：含有微量的汞、铜、铅和痕量酚的工业废水如何进行预备处理，可以分别测定四种化合物

As to trace phenol analysis, this article may help.

Se Pu. 2001 Mar;19(2):144-6.
[Study on analysis of trace phenol in small amount of aqueous sample by liquid-liquid micro-extraction and gas chromatography]
[Article in Chinese]
Zhang AL, Zhou JT, Han M, Teng LM, Huang LP, Wang D, Wang J.

School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, China.

A method for the liquid-liquid micro-extraction and gas chromatographic analysis of trace phenol in small amount of aqueous sample has been developed. The influences of acid and salts on recovery rate of phenol were examined. And, the influences of injection speeds and the conditions of silica wool in injection port on the quantitation precision were tested. With a direct injection port, an FID and a DB-1 capillary column of wide bore, a detection limit of 1 microgram.L-1 can be obtained employing 8 mL water sample, 160 microL ethyl acetate and 3.5 g ammonium sulfate. The added recoveries were in the range of 95.0%-98.5%. The relative standard deviations were in the range of 2.8%-3.3%. This method is simple, convenient, rapid, accurate and practical.

你可以看看国标生活污水的测定(cu,zn,cd,pb的测定),络合后用原子吸收测定,是说由于其含量较低,少于50ppb,低于(或接近)火焰法的检测限,故要进行富集后测定.但国家环保局有个标准,是用石墨炉测定低浓度的,你也不妨去去看看.
至于痕量酚的测定,我只知道是用气相色谱测定,至于测定步骤,不是很清楚,但我想环保局的标准中也会涉及的.

这道题的核心是前处理，我想实际操作应当是：首先分一下样品，一部分经酸消解后用石墨炉的AA分析汞，铜，铅；微量酚的测试按国标是4-AAP比色法，之前要蒸馏。