主题：【分享】生态专业词汇 汇集

balancing selection hypothesize|平衡说\r\n

basal area|底面积\r\n

Bergman’s rule|贝格曼规律\r\n

bethal zone|半深海带\r\n

biocoenosis|生物群落\r\n

bioconcentration|生物浓缩\r\n

Biodynamic agriculture|生物动力农业\r\n

Biogecochemical cycle|生物地球化学循环\r\n

Biological agriculture|生物农业\r\n

Biological control|生物防治\r\n

Biological energy subsidies|生物辅助能\r\n

biological enrichment|生物富集\r\n

Biological micro-cycle|生物小循环\r\n

Biological oxygen demand (BOd)|生化需氧量（生化耗氧量）\r\n

biomagnification|生物放大\r\n

Biomass|生物量\r\n

biomass|生物量\r\n

biome|生物带\r\n

Bionomic strategies|生态对策\r\n

bionomic strategy|生态对策\r\n

biosphere|生物圈\r\n

bottle neck|瓶颈\r\n

C3 plant|C3植物\r\n

C4 plant|C4植物\r\n

CAFs|=Controlled availability fertilizers控效肥料\r\n

CAM plant|CAM植物\r\n

cannibalism|同种相食\r\n

Capital flow|资金流\r\n

carnivores|食肉动物\r\n

carring capacity|负荷量\r\n

Carrying capacity|环境容纳量\r\n

catastrophic|灾难性因素\r\n

Ch|=chamaephytes,地上芽植物\r\n

chamaephytes|地上芽植物\r\n

character displacement|特征替代\r\n

cheliophytes|阴性植物\r\n

Chemical ecology|化学生态学\r\n

Chemical oxygen demand (COd)|化学耗氧量\r\n

Chinese Ecological Agriculture|中国生态农业\r\n

climate climax|气候顶级\r\n

climate school|气候学派\r\n

climax|顶级群落\r\n

Climax|顶极群落\r\n

climax community|顶级群落\r\n

cline|渐变群\r\n

closed community|封闭群落\r\n

clumped|集群分布\r\n

coadapted system|协同适应系统\r\n

coarse grained|粗粒性分布\r\n

Coase’s theory|高斯理论\r\n

co-dynamics|相互动态\r\n

Coevolution|协同进化\r\n

co-evolution|协同进化\r\n

cohort|同生群\r\n

cold desert|冷荒漠\r\n

colonization|定居, 建群\r\n

coloration|色泽\r\n

Commensalisms|偏利作用\r\n

communities in littoral zone|沿岸生物群落\r\n

communities in the limnetic zone|湖沼带生物群落\r\n

communities in the profundal zone|深水带生物群落\r\n

community|群落\r\n

Community|群落\r\n

Community ecology|群落生态学\r\n

community matrix|群落矩阵\r\n

community organization|群落组织\r\n

companion species|伴生种\r\n

compen-satory predation|补偿性捕食\r\n

Competition|竞争\r\n

competition coefficient|竞争系数\r\n

Competition exclusion principle|竞争排斥原理\r\n

competition hypothesis|竞争假说\r\n

competitive exclusion|竞争排除\r\n

competive lottery|抽彩式竞争\r\n

Components structure|组分结构\r\n

conservation|保守主义者\r\n

conspicuousness|显著度\r\n

constancy|恒有度\r\n

contest competition|干扰竞争\r\n

contest type of competition|争夺型竞争\r\n

continental rise|大陆隆\r\n

continental shelf|大陆架\r\n

continental slope|大陆坡\r\n

Controlled availability fertilizers|=CAFs,控效肥料\r\n

convergent adaptation|趋同适应\r\n

convergent oscillation|趋同波动\r\n

cost of gene recombination|基因重组价\r\n

cost of mating|交配价\r\n

cost of meiosis|减数分裂价\r\n

courtship behavior|求偶行为\r\n

coverage|盖度\r\n

Cr|=cryptophytes隐芽植物\r\n

Crop productivity potential|作物生产潜力\r\n

crude density|原始密度\r\n

cryptophytes|隐芽植物\r\n

decomposer|分解者\r\n

decomposition|分解作用\r\n

delayed density dependence|延后密度制约\r\n

density effect|密度效应\r\n

density ratio|密度比\r\n

density-dependent|密度制约\r\n

density-independent|非密度制约\r\n

desertification|土地沙漠化\r\n

deterministic model|决定模型\r\n

detrial food chain|碎食物链(食碎生物食物链)\r\n

detritus feeder|食碎生物\r\n

detritus food chain|腐食食物链\r\n

development|发育\r\n

diagrammatic life table|图解式生命表\r\n

diapause|滞育\r\n

differential species|区别种\r\n

diffuse competition|分散竞争\r\n

diominant-submissive|支配—从属\r\n

directional selection|定向选择\r\n

discrete generation|离散世代\r\n

disruptive selection|分裂选择\r\n

disturbance climax/disclimax|偏途顶级\r\n

divergent oscillation|趋异波动\r\n

dominance|优势度\r\n

dominant species|建群种,优势种\r\n

dominant-submissive|支配—从属关系\r\n

dry desert|干荒漠\r\n

dynamic classification|动态分类系统\r\n

dynamic life table|动态生命表\r\n

dynamic-composite life table|动态混合生命表\r\n

earth nucleus|地幔\r\n

earth’s crust|地核\r\n

Eco-economical zoning|生态经济区位\r\n

Ecological agriculture|生态农业\r\n

Ecological agriculture model|=(pattern)生态农业模式\r\n

Ecological amplitude|生态幅\r\n

Ecological density|生态密度\r\n

ecological density|生态密度\r\n

ecological dominance|生态优势\r\n

Ecological effect|生态效益\r\n

Ecological efficiency|生态效率\r\n

Ecological engineering|生态工程\r\n

ecological environment|生态环境\r\n

ecological equivalent|生态等值种\r\n

Ecological factor|生态因子\r\n

ecological factor|生态因子\r\n

ecological force|生态力\r\n

ecological invasion|生态入侵\r\n

ecological natality|生态出生率\r\n

Ecological pyramid|生态金字塔（生态锥体）\r\n

ecological release|生态释放\r\n

Ecological succession|演替\r\n

Ecological sustainability|生态持续性\r\n

Ecology|生态学\r\n

Economic effect|经济效益\r\n

Economic externality|经济外部性\r\n

Ecosystem|生态系统\r\n

ecosystem|生态系统\r\n

ecosystem development|生态系统的发育\r\n

Ecosystem ecology|生态系统生态学\r\n

Ecotone|群落交错区（生态交错区）\r\n

ecotone hypothesis|生态交错带假说\r\n

Ecotope|景观元素（生态点）\r\n

Ecotype|生态型\r\n

ecotype|生态型\r\n

ectotherm|外温动物\r\n

Edge effect|边缘效应\r\n

edge effect|边缘效应\r\n

eitolation phenomenon|黄化现象\r\n

Embodied energy|内含能\r\n

Emergent property of system|系统的整合特性\r\n

emergy|能值\r\n

emigration|迁出\r\n

endogenous migration|内因性迁移\r\n

endotherm|内温动物\r\n

Energy|能值\r\n

Energy analysis|能流分析\r\n

Energy flow chart|能流图\r\n

Energy flow path|能流路径\r\n

Energy flow structure|能流结构\r\n

Energy flowing|能量流\r\n

Entropy|熵\r\n

environment|环境\r\n

environment hormone|环境激素\r\n

equilibrium theory|平衡理论\r\n

euphotic zone|透光带\r\n

euryecious|广栖的\r\n

euryhaline|广盐性的\r\n

euryhydric|广水性的\r\n

euryphagic|广食性的\r\n

eurythermal|广温性的\r\n

eurytopic species|广适种\r\n

Eutrophication|富营养化\r\n

eutrophication|富营养化\r\n

evergreen hardwood forest|常绿硬材林\r\n

Evolution ecology|进化生态学\r\n

evolution force|进化力\r\n

exogenous migration|外因性迁移\r\n

exploitive competition|利用竞争\r\n

Exponential growth form|种群指数增长模式\r\n

exponetial growth|指数增长\r\n

External benefit|收益外泄\r\n

External cost|成本外摊\r\n

facultative|兼性因素\r\n

facultative parthenogenesis|孤雌生殖,兼性孤雌生殖\r\n

family selection|家庭选择\r\n

farmland ecosystem|农田生态系统\r\n

fecundity|生育力\r\n

fecundity schedule|生育力表\r\n

Feed back|反馈作用\r\n

feedback|反馈\r\n

feeding niches|取食生态位\r\n

filter food|滤食性生物\r\n

fine grained|细粒性分布\r\n

finite rate of increase|周限增长率\r\n

First law of resources economic|资源经济学第一定律\r\n

First law of thermodynamics|热力学第一定律\r\n

Fish pond-dike system|基塘系统\r\n

fitness|合适度\r\n

floristic-structural classification|植物区系—结构分类系统\r\n

Flow|流\r\n

fluctuation|波动\r\n

food chain|食物链\r\n

Food chain|食物链\r\n

Food chain structure|食物链结构\r\n

Food web|食物网\r\n

formation|群系,植物群系\r\n

formation group|群系组\r\n

foundational niche|基础生态龛\r\n

Free energy|自由能\r\n

freshwater ecology|淡水生态学\r\n

freshwater ecosystem|淡水生态系统\r\n

function response|功能反应\r\n

Functional component adundence|功能组分冗余\r\n

G|=geophytes地下芽植物\r\n

gamete selection|配子选择\r\n

gaps|缺口\r\n

gaseous cycle|气体循环\r\n

geng pool|基因库\r\n

geographic variation|地理变异\r\n

geographical theory of speciation|物种形成\r\n

geometric growth|几何级数增长\r\n

geophytes|=(G)地下芽植物\r\n

global ecology|全球生态\r\n

GP|=net primary production,净初级生产力\r\n

gradient hypothesis|梯度假说\r\n

grain|粒性\r\n

grazer|牧食生物\r\n

grazing food chain|捕食食物链\r\n

greenhouse effect|温室效应\r\n

gregarization pheromone|聚集信息素\r\n

gross primary production|总初级生产力\r\n

group selection|群体选择,类群选择，群选择。\r\n

growth form|生长型\r\n

guild|同资源团\r\n

habal zone|深渊带\r\n

habitat|生境\r\n

He|=hemicryptophytes,地面芽植物\r\n

heath|石楠群丛\r\n

height|高度\r\n

hemicryptophytes|=(He)地面芽植物\r\n

herbivore|植食\r\n

herbivores|植食动物\r\n

heterotrophic succession|异养演替\r\n

heterotrophs|异养生物\r\n

hibernation|冬眠\r\n

homeostasis|内稳态,自调节稳态\r\n

homeostatic organism|内稳态生物\r\n

homeostatic process|内稳定过程\r\n

human demography|人口统计学\r\n

Human ecology|人类生态学\r\n

humus|腐殖质\r\n

hydrarch succession|水生演替\r\n

hydrosere|水生演替系列\r\n

immigration|迁入\r\n

importance value|重要值\r\n

individual converse rate|个体转化率\r\n

industrial melanism|工业黑化现象\r\n

inner capacity increase|内禀增长力\r\n

inner-environment|内环境\r\n

instantaneous rate of increase|瞬间增长率\r\n

intensity|强度\r\n

interference competition|干扰竞争\r\n

intermediate disturbance hypothesis|中度干扰假说\r\n

internal distribution pattern|内分布型\r\n

interspecfic relationship|种间关系\r\n

intertidal zone|潮间带\r\n

intraspecific relationship|种内关系\r\n

inversely density dependent|反密度制约\r\n

Island ecology|岛屿生态学\r\n

iteroparity|多次繁殖生物\r\n

iteroparous|多次生殖\r\n

Jordan’s rule|约丹定律\r\n

keystone species|关键种\r\n

kin selection|亲属选择\r\n

k-strategists|k-策略者\r\n

land cover|土地覆盖\r\n

land use|土地利用\r\n

Landscape ecology|景观生态学\r\n

LAS|=leaf area index,叶面积指数\r\n

law of constant final yield|最后产量衡值法则\r\n

law of the minimum|最小因子法则\r\n

law of tolerance|耐受性法则\r\n

layer|层\r\n

leached layer|淋溶层\r\n

leaf area index|=（LAS）,叶面积指数\r\n

lentic ecosystem|静水生态系统\r\n

life cycle|生活周期\r\n

life expectancy|生命期望\r\n

life form|生活型\r\n

life form spectrum|生活型谱\r\n

life history|生活史\r\n

life history strategy|生活史对策\r\n

lifespan|生活年限\r\n

lifetime|寿命\r\n

limit of tolerance|忍受性限度\r\n

littoral zone|沿岸带\r\n

lotic ecosystem|流水生态系统\r\n

macroclimate|大气候\r\n

macrofauna|大型生物\r\n

Marine ecology|海洋生态学\r\n

marine ecosystem|海洋生态系统\r\n

maximum natality|最大出生率\r\n

maximum sustained yield|最大持续生产量\r\n

megafauna|巨型生物\r\n

mexofauna|中型生物\r\n

microclimate|小气候\r\n

microcolony|微菌落\r\n

microcommunities|小群落\r\n

micro-ecosystem|微生态系统\r\n

micro-environment|微环境\r\n

microfauna|小型生物\r\n

microplankton|小型浮游生物\r\n

migration|迁徙,迁移\r\n

modular organism|构件生物\r\n

modules|构件\r\n

Molecular ecology|分子生态学\r\n

monoclimax theory|单元演替顶级\r\n

monocultute|单种养殖\r\n

monogamy|单配偶制\r\n

monpohagous|单食性\r\n

monsoon forest|季风林\r\n

mortality|死亡率\r\n

mortality curve|死亡曲线\r\n

mosaic|镶嵌性\r\n

natality|出生率\r\n

n-dimensional niche|n维生态龛\r\n

negative feedback|负反馈\r\n

net primary production|=(GP),净初级生产力\r\n

neutrality controversy|中性说论战\r\n

niche|生态位\r\n

niche compression|生态位压缩\r\n

niche separation|生态位分离\r\n

niche shift|生态位分离\r\n

non-equilibrium theory|非平衡理论\r\n

non-homeostatic organism|非内稳态生物\r\n

obiotic component|非生物成分\r\n

ocean-current|洋流\r\n

ohort life table|同群生命表\r\n

omnivores|杂食动物\r\n

open community|开放群落\r\n

opportunist|机会主义者\r\n

ordination|排序\r\n

ornamentation|修饰\r\n

panclimax|泛顶级\r\n

pantropical|泛热带区\r\n

parabiosphere|副生物圈\r\n

parasites|寄生生物\r\n

parasitoidism|拟寄生\r\n

parent material|母质层\r\n

parental care|亲代关怀\r\n

parental investment|亲本投资\r\n

patchiness|斑块性\r\n

pattern|生态农业模式\r\n

per capita growth rate|每员增长率\r\n

perclimax|前顶级\r\n

peritrophic mycorrhizae|周边营养性菌根\r\n

Ph|=phanerophytes,高位芽植物\r\n

phanerophytes|=(Ph),高位芽植物\r\n

phenotype|表现型\r\n

photoperiodism|光周期现象\r\n

phyplankton|浮游植物\r\n

physiognomy|外貌\r\n

Physiological ecology|生理生态学\r\n

physiological natality|生理出生率\r\n

phytochrom|色素\r\n

pioneer community|先锋群落\r\n

pjarapatric speciation|邻域性物种\r\n

plankon|浮游生物\r\n

Poission distribution|泊松分布\r\n

polyandry|一雌多雄制\r\n

polyclimax theory|多元顶级理论\r\n

polygamy|多配偶制\r\n

polygyny|一雄多雌制\r\n

polymorphism|多型现象\r\n

polyphagous|多食性的\r\n

population|种群\r\n

Population ecology|种群生态学\r\n

porosity|粒间空隙\r\n

positive feedback|正反馈\r\n

postclimax|超顶级\r\n

predation|捕食者\r\n

predator|捕食者\r\n

present reproductive value|当年繁殖价值\r\n

prevail climax|优势顶级\r\n

prey|猎物\r\n

prezygotic mechanism|合子前隔离\r\n

primary production|初级生产\r\n

primary succession|初级演替,原生演替\r\n

principle of allocation|分配原理\r\n

principle of competitive exclusion|竞争互斥原理\r\n

production|生产量\r\n

production rate|生产率\r\n

productivity|生产力\r\n

progressive succession|进展演替\r\n

protogynous hermaphriodism|雌雄同体\r\n

pyramid of energy|能量金字塔\r\n

radiation adaptation|趋异适应\r\n

random|随机分布\r\n

rare species|偶见种\r\n

reaction time lag|反应滞时\r\n

reactive species|反映性物种\r\n

realized natality|实际出生率\r\n

realized nick|实际生态龛\r\n

regressive succession|逆行演替\r\n

relative frequency|相对频度\r\n

relative reproductive value|相对生殖值\r\n

reproduction effect|生殖成效\r\n

reproductive cost|繁殖成本\r\n

reproductive pattern|生殖格局\r\n

reproductive time lag|生殖滞时\r\n

reproductive value|生殖值\r\n

residual reproductive value|剩余繁殖价值\r\n

resilient stability|恢复稳定性\r\n

resistant stability|抵抗稳定性\r\n

Restoration ecology|恢复生态学\r\n

richness|丰度\r\n

r-k continuum of strategies|r-k 策略连续系统\r\n

r-strategists|r-策略者\r\nradiation adaptation|趋异适应\r\n

random|随机分布\r\n

rare species|偶见种\r\n

reaction time lag|反应滞时\r\n

reactive species|反映性物种\r\n

realized natality|实际出生率\r\n

realized nick|实际生态龛\r\n

regressive succession|逆行演替\r\n

relative frequency|相对频度\r\n

relative reproductive value|相对生殖值\r\n

reproduction effect|生殖成效\r\n

reproductive cost|繁殖成本\r\n

reproductive pattern|生殖格局\r\n

reproductive time lag|生殖滞时\r\n

reproductive value|生殖值\r\n

residual reproductive value|剩余繁殖价值\r\n

resilient stability|恢复稳定性\r\n

resistant stability|抵抗稳定性\r\n

Restoration ecology|恢复生态学\r\n

richness|丰度\r\n

r-k continuum of strategies|r-k 策略连续系统\r\n

r-strategists|r-策略者\r\n

saprovores|食腐者\r\n

savanna woodland|热带稀树草原林地\r\n

scavenger|食腐者\r\n

sciophytes|阳性植物\r\n

scramble competition|利用竞争\r\n

scramble type of competition|分摊型竞争\r\n

SdR|=summed dominance ratio,综合优势比\r\n

secondary|次级演替\r\n

secondary metabolites|次生代谢物质\r\n

secondary production|次级生产力\r\n

secondary succession|次生演替\r\n

sedimentary cycle|沉积循环\r\n

selective fertilization|选择受精\r\n

self-destructive|自我破坏\r\n

semelparity|一次繁殖生物\r\n

semelparous|一次生殖\r\n

sex ratio|性比\r\n

sexual dimorphism|雌雄二形现象\r\n

sexual reproduction|有性生殖\r\n

sexual selection|性选择\r\n

shade plants|耐阴性植物\r\n

Shannon-Weiner index|香农—威纳指数\r\n

sieve selection hypothesis|筛选说\r\n

similarity|相似度\r\n

Simpson’s diversity index|辛普森多样性指数\r\n

social group|社群\r\n

social hierarchy|社会等级\r\n

social-economic-natural complex ecosystem|社会--经济--自然复合系统\r\n

solar emergy|太阳能值\r\n

solar emjoules|太阳能焦耳\r\n

solar transformity|太阳能值转换率\r\n

spatial pattern|空间格局\r\n

special heterogeneity|空间异质性\r\n

speciation|物种形成\r\n

species area curve|物种面积曲线\r\n

species diversity|物种多样性\r\n

species evenness or equitability|种的均匀度\r\n

species heterogeneity|种的不齐性\r\n

species turnover rate|种的周转率\r\n

spore reproduction|孢子生殖\r\n

stability-resilience|稳定恢复力\r\n

stabilizing selection|稳定选择\r\n

standing crop|现存量\r\n

static life table|静态生命表\r\n

stenoecious|窄栖性的\r\n

stenohaline|窄盐性的\r\n

stenohydric|窄水性的\r\n

stenophagic|窄食性的\r\n

stenothermal|窄温性的\r\n

steppe and semideserty|干草原和半荒漠\r\n

stochastic model|随机模型\r\n

stratification|成层现象\r\n

subassociation|亚群丛组\r\n

subdominant|亚优势种\r\n

subformation|亚群系\r\n

succession|演替\r\n

succulent|肉质植物\r\n

summed dominance ratio|=（SdR）综合优势比\r\n

summer-green deciduous forest|夏绿落叶林\r\n

survivorship curve|存活曲线\r\n

sympatric speciation|同域性物种\r\n

Synecology|群落生态学\r\n

synusia|层片\r\n