主题：【讨论】翻译 Rationale for Dermal Absorption Factor for Carbofuran Used in Risk Assessments

我翻译了下FMC的一个报告，里面问题还是蛮多，跟大家一起讨论讨论
Rationale for Dermal Absorption Factor for Carbofuran Used in Risk Assessments
用于风险评估的carbofuran皮肤吸收系数的基本原理
FMC agrees with USEPA that the use of the default 100% dermal absorption value would be overly conservative and is inappropriate for carbofuran. 
FMC同意USEPA观点，即使用缺省的100%皮肤吸收值会过于保守，且并不适合carbofuran.
Other dermal exposure risk evaluations for carbofuran have typically been based on dermal absorption values that are several orders of magnitude lower than the 100% assumption.
其它典型的基于皮肤吸收值的carbofuran皮肤曝露风险评估，比100%设想低几个级别。
While FMC has not specifically conducted a  guideline-based dermal absorption study, , there are two in vivo and in vitro studies in the scientific literature that support the low dermal absorption of carbofuran. 
虽然FMC未做过一个基于准则的皮肤吸收实验，在科技文献中有两个体内和体外实验证明了carbofuran的低皮肤吸收。
One of those studies, Shah, et al. 1987, was used by USEPA for the derivation of a dermal absorption value for risk assessment purposes. 
其中一个实验，Shah, et al. 1987, USEPA用来推导皮肤吸收值，以作风险评估。
The Shah, et al. study is not guideline based and was not conducted according to GLP practices; however, the data clearly indicates that carbofuran is poorly absorbed through the skin. 
Shah, et al.试验不是按照准则和 GLP操作的。但是这个数据清楚地指明carbofuran几乎不通过皮肤吸收。

In the absence of a guideline GLP study, USEPA uses another method to derive dermal absorption values based upon a comparison of oral and dermal toxicity studies.  When this is done for carbofuran a dermal absorption factor of 0.2% is supported.  A value of 0.2% is appropriate considering the physical/chemical properties of carbofuran (solid with very limited lipophilicity) and is consistent with the observed toxicity by the dermal route. 

因缺乏一个按准则进行的GLP 实验， US EPA使用另外一种方法，基于经口和经皮毒性试验来推测皮肤吸收值。根据此种方法，得出结论为carbofuran的皮肤吸收因子为0.2%。基于cabofuran（脂溶性非常低的固体）的物化性质来推测，0.2%这个值是适当的，且与经皮途径观察到的毒性一致。