一篇关于固相萃取的文章中的一部分,大家个显身手吧! 参加活动的网友在这篇文章中任意选取不少于100个单词的一段进行翻译,在跟贴中给出英文原文和中文译文,规则详见http://www.instrument.com.cn/bbs/shtml/20060903/541282/ 后跟贴的网友最好不要选择已经翻译过的段落,除非您能够提出极具创新性的译文,当然我们是欢迎点评和讨论的。 本期只产生一位星星,奖励100积分和10个声望。 paper
先试一下, 摘要部分: Solid-phase extraction (SPE) is an effective tool for the preconcentration of trace elements and their separation from various sample constituents. Octadecyl and other alkyl-bonded silica gels are most widely used for these purposes. The fundamentals of the SPE of inorganic ions are reviewed and compared with those of related techniques (liquid–liquid extraction and reversed-phase liquid chromatography). The extraction of ions in the form of chelate compounds, inorganic salts solvated by neutral reagents, and ion-pair compounds is considered. Numerous applications of SPE to the separation and preconcentration of different elements and their species, including on-line combinations with instrumental determination techniques, are described and tabulated. 固相萃取对于痕量元素的预浓缩和将元素从各种样品中分离是一种有效的工具。为了实现这一目的,乙酸十八醇酯和其他烃键硅胶得到了广泛应用。无机离子固相萃取的基本原理就是回顾和比较了其他的相关技术(液-液萃取和反相液相色谱)。本文考虑了螯合物、中性溶剂溶解的无机盐、离子对化合物的离子萃取。固相萃取在不同元素及其样品的分离和预浓缩中的很多应用包括用仪器测定在线化合技术,都进行了描述和列表。
又试了一段,不知能不能这样连续参加。 如果不允许,就请版主删掉吧。 introduction的第一段。 Preconcentration and separation processes are often needed for the determination of trace elements in environmental samples, high-purity materials and other matrices.1–4 Solid-phase extraction (SPE) with the use of alkyl-bonded and other surfacemodified silica gels has been used in the last 15 years as an alternative to liquid–liquid extraction in the analysis of various samples. The method is simple; it enables the rapid and complete isolation of the analytes of interest from a complex matrix with a preconcentration factor of several orders of magnitude to be achieved. A surface-modified adsorbent is a support bearing at the surface of a chemically bonded “monomolecular” layer of adsorbing groups, which provides fast kinetics of the recovery and elution of the molecules and ions under study.5–9 SPE by use of alkyl-bonded silica gels has been widely applied in the environmental analysis of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, substances of biochemical origin and other organic compounds. However, its application in metal extraction and preconcentration has been much less extensive, although the capabilities of the technique in inorganic analysis also appear to be very promising. 在环境样品、高纯物质和其它矩阵(1-4)中,痕量元素的测定常常需要预浓缩和分离。随着烷基键合和其它表面改性的硅胶在固相萃取中的应用,在最近15年中固相萃取与液-液萃取一起作为可选择的萃取方法用于各种样品的分析中。方法很简单。它能够将你所关心的分析物快速完全的从混合矩阵中分离,这种预浓缩可以达到几个数量级。表面改性吸附剂是一种在表面有一层化学键合单一分子层的吸附基团,吸附基团提供分子和离子的恢复和洗脱快速动力学。使用烷基键合的硅胶固相萃取已经在环境分析中得到了广泛应用,比如芳烃聚合物,碳氢化合物,杀虫剂,生化物质和其它有机化合物。虽然在无机分析中的技术能力也表现出了很好的前景,然而,在金属萃取和预浓缩中的应用还没有得到很大拓展。
1 Introduction 1 前言 Preconcentration and separation processes are often needed for the determination of trace elements in environmental samples, high-purity materials and other matrices.1–4 Solid-phase extraction (SPE) with the use of alkyl-bonded and other surface modified silica gels has been used in the last 15 years as an alternative to liquid–liquid extraction in the analysis of various samples. The method is simple; it enables the rapid and complete isolation of the analytes of interest from a complex matrix with a preconcentration factor of several orders of magnitude to be achieved. A surface-modified adsorbent is a support bearing at the surface of a chemically bonded “monomolecular” layer of adsorbing groups, which provides fast kinetics of the recovery and elution of the molecules and ions under study.5–9 SPE by use of alkyl-bonded silica gels has been widely applied in the environmental analysis of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, substances of biochemical origin and other organic compounds. However, its application in metal extraction and preconcentration has been much less extensive, although the capabilities of the technique in inorganic analysis also appear to be very promising. 环境样品,高纯物质和其他基体中微量元素的测定常常需要进行预富集和分离处理【1-4】。固相萃取(SPE)技术使用了含烷基或其他成分的表面改性的硅胶。作为液-液萃取技术的另一个可供选择的技术,它在过去15年中被用于各种样品分析中。固相萃取的方法很简单,它能使所感兴趣的分析物从复杂基体中快速、完全地分离出来,其预富集的倍数可达几个数量级。表面改性吸附剂是一种载体,它负载在一层化学键合的单分子吸附性官能团的表层,为所研究的分子和离子的回收和洗脱提供了快速动力【5-9】。使用含烷基的硅胶的SPE技术已经被广泛应用到芳烃聚合物、农药、生物成因物质以及其他有机化合物的环境分析中。然而,它在金属萃取和预富集中的应用还不十分广泛,尽管它在无机分析中的技术能力看起来也似乎非常有前景。