Pregnant Women
孕妇
Oseltamivir and zanamivir are "Pregnancy Category C" medications, indicating that no clinical studies have been conducted to assess the safety of these medications for pregnant women. Because of the unknown effects of influenza antiviral drugs on pregnant women and their fetuses, oseltamivir or zanamivir should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the embryo or fetus; the manufacturers' package inserts should be consulted. However, no adverse effects have been reported among women who received oseltamivir or zanamivir during pregnancy or among infants born to women who have received oseltamivir or zanamivir, Pregnancy should not be considered a contraindication to oseltamivir or zanamivir use. Because zanamivir is an inhaled medication and has less systemic absorption, some experts prefer zanamivir over oseltamivir for use in pregnant women when feasible.
奥司他韦和扎那米韦对孕妇来说是C类药物,这说明还没有临床研究来评估这些药物对孕妇的安全性。因为这类抗流感病毒药物对孕妇和胎儿的效果未知,所以孕期中只有当药物对胎儿和孕妇潜在的好处大于潜在的危险时才能使用;需要参考药物制造商的说明。然而,在服用奥司他韦或扎那米韦的孕妇中没有报道说这些药物对孕妇或胎儿有副作用,所有怀孕不应成为使用奥司他韦或扎那米韦的禁忌。因为扎那米韦是吸入的药物,身体系统吸收的较少,所有如果对孕妇药用可行的话一些专家更倾向于扎那米韦。
Adverse events and contraindications
副作用和禁忌
For further information about influenza antiviral medications, including contraindications and adverse effects, please see the following:
关于抗流感病毒药物的更多信息,包括禁忌和副作用,请参考:
·Antiviral Agents for Seasonal Influenza: Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
l Antiviral Agents for Seasonal Influenza: Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
·MMWR: Prevention and Control of Influenza: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2008
l MMWR: Prevention and Control of Influenza: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2008
MMWR August 8, 2008 / 57(RR07);1-60
MMWR August 8, 2008 / 57(RR07);1-60
Adverse events from influenza antiviral medications should be reported through the U.S. FDA Medwatch website .
抗病毒药物的副作用参见美国FDA的报告。
美国CDC针对感染猪流感病毒治疗和预防的临时指南 中英文对照hedui