【八大菜系香气比拼】gcMS分析沸腾鱼烹饪过程产生的香气
前 言沸腾鱼的主料为草鱼、黄豆芽 ;辅料为干辣椒、花椒、姜、蒜、葱、油、食盐、味精、干淀粉、料酒、豆瓣(或剁椒)、生蛋清、胡椒粉等。
图1 沸腾鱼香气的总离子色谱图(TIC)
图2 沸腾鱼香气的GC-FID色谱图
表沸腾鱼烹饪过程产生的香气成分表
手动提取 | 全自动提取 | ||
序号 | Chemical Name香气化合物名称 | 现场5min, | 实验室10min, |
1 | pentane 戊烷 | 0.010 | 0.010 |
2 | trimethyl amine 三甲胺 | 0.010 | 0.024 |
3 | methanethiol 甲硫醇 | 0.005 | |
4 | acetaldehyde 乙醛 | 0.092 | 0.005 |
5 | heptane 庚烷 | 0.001 | |
6 | dimethyl sulfide 二甲基硫醇 | 0.019 | |
7 | triethyl amine 三乙胺 | 0.014 | |
8 | octane 辛烷 | 0.131 | 0.193 |
9 | octene 4E 4E-辛烯 | 0.056 | |
10 | octene 2E 2E-辛烯 | 0.053 | |
11 | allyl mercaptane 丙烯基硫醇 | 0.084 | |
12 | 2-methyl butanal 2-甲基丁醛 | 0.046 | |
13 | 3-methyl butanal 异戊醛 | 0.058 | |
14 | ethanol 乙醇 | 5.663 | 10.478 |
15 | 2-ethyl furan 2-乙基呋喃 | 0.005 | 0.014 |
16 | pentanal 正戊醛 | 0.217 | 0.253 |
17 | pinene alpha 甲位蒎稀 | 0.768 | 0.655 |
18 | thujene alpha 甲位侧柏烯 | 0.721 | 0.760 |
19 | cycloheptatriene 环庚三烯 | 0.142 | 0.124 |
20 | camphene 蒈烯 | 0.005 | 0.038 |
21 | hexanal 己醛 | 0.693 | 0.732 |
22 | undecane 碳十一烷 | 0.027 | |
23 | pinene beta 甲位蒎稀 | 0.335 | 0.281 |
24 | allyl alcohol 烯丙醇 | 0.094 | 0.478 |
25 | sabinene 桧烯 | 4.188 | 4.130 |
26 | trans 2 pentenal 反式-2-戊烯醛 | 0.081 | |
27 | butanol 丁醇 | 0.005 | |
28 | fenchene 封烯 | 0.025 | |
29 | myrcene 月桂烯 | 4.146 | 5.275 |
30 | phellandrene alpha 甲位水芹烯 | 0.258 | 0.005 |
31 | terpinene alpha 甲位松油烯 | 0.859 | 1.139 |
32 | 2-heptanone 2-庚酮 | 0.027 | |
33 | heptanal 庚醛 | 0.152 | 0.144 |
34 | limonene 柠稀 | 12.166 | 11.476 |
35 | eucalyptol 桉叶素 | 3.180 | 3.163 |
36 | phellandrene beta 乙位水芹烯 | 2.835 | 3.158 |
37 | trans 2 hexenal 反式-2-己烯醛 | 0.107 | |
38 | 2-pentyl furan 2-戊基呋喃 | 0.100 | 0.087 |
39 | trans beta ocimene 反式-乙位罗勒烯 | 0.585 | 0.782 |
40 | terpinene gamma 丙位松油烯 | 1.767 | 2.034 |
41 | cis beta ocimene 顺式-乙位罗勒烯 | 0.426 | 0.556 |
42 | styrol 苏合香烯 | 0.005 | |
43 | 2 methyl pyrazine 2-甲基吡嗪 | 0.005 | |
44 | cymol p 对花伞烃 | 1.402 | 0.573 |
45 | terpinolene 异松油烯 | 0.493 | 0.553 |
46 | 2-methyoxy ethyl acetate 乙酸2-甲氧基乙酯 | 0.058 | |
47 | octanal 辛醛 | 0.190 | 0.103 |
48 | tridecane | 0.005 | |
49 | acetol | 0.218 | |
50 | trans 2 heptenal | 1.307 | 1.388 |
51 | 6 methyl 5 hepten 2 one | 0.005 | |
52 | ethyl lactate | 0.029 | |
53 | hexanol | 0.053 | |
54 | alloocimene | 0.160 | 0.146 |
55 | nonanal | 0.944 | 0.540 |
56 | pyronene beta | 0.073 | |
57 | tetradecane | 0.197 | 0.005 |
58 | 3-ethyl-2-formyl cyclopentene | 0.047 | |
59 | thujone alpha | 0.386 | 0.384 |
60 | trans 2 octenal | 0.340 | 0.285 |
61 | thujone beta | 0.439 | 0.236 |
62 | 1-octen-3-ol | 0.365 | 0.261 |
63 | heptanol | 0.099 | 0.062 |
64 | trans sabinene hydrate | 0.513 | 0.466 |
65 | linalool oxide | 0.010 | |
66 | trans 2 trans 4 heptadienal | 0.219 | |
67 | acetic acid | 0.551 | 1.090 |
68 | citronellal | 0.126 | |
69 | diallyl disulfide | 0.080 | |
70 | isooctanol | 0.081 | 0.041 |
71 | allyl 1E propenyl disulfide | ||
72 | trans 2 trans 4 heptadienal | 0.679 | 0.605 |
73 | decanal | 0.155 | 0.060 |
74 | benzaldehyde | 0.220 | 0.081 |
75 | linalool | 38.439 | 32.211 |
76 | octanol | 0.121 | 0.096 |
77 | linalyl acetate | 0.326 | 0.335 |
78 | trans 2 menthen 1 ol | 0.147 | 0.168 |
79 | 3 menthen-7-al | 0.085 | |
80 | elemene beta | 0.102 | |
81 | caryophyllene beta | 0.227 | 0.131 |
82 | 4 terpinenol | 3.393 | 2.998 |
83 | cis 2 p menthen 1 ol/1-terpineol | 0.145 | 0.105 |
84 | myrtenal | 0.248 | 0.107 |
85 | butyrolactone gamma | 0.005 | |
86 | menthol | 0.091 | 0.038 |
87 | trans 2 decenal | 0.375 | 0.344 |
88 | phenyl acetaldehyde | 0.005 | |
89 | furfuryl alcohol | 0.056 | |
90 | cryptone | 0.344 | 0.310 |
91 | estragol | 0.073 | 0.080 |
92 | neral | 0.057 | |
93 | terpineol alpha | 1.118 | 0.948 |
94 | alpha terpinyl acetate | 0.005 | |
95 | terpineol gamma | 0.002 | |
96 | borneol | 0.005 | |
97 | M204 terpene | 0.001 | 0.121 |
98 | D piperitone | 0.520 | 0.504 |
99 | geranial | 0.028 | 0.067 |
100 | carvone L | 0.005 | 0.046 |
101 | trans piperitol | 0.088 | 0.059 |
102 | trans 2 undecenal | 0.188 | 0.132 |
103 | 7 methyl 3 methylene 6 octenyl acetate | 0.056 | |
104 | trans 2 trans 4 decadienal | 0.586 | 0.401 |
105 | cuminaldehyde | 0.142 | 0.160 |
106 | trans 2 trans 4 decadienal | 1.120 | 1.295 |
107 | phenyl ethyl acetate | 0.055 | |
108 | anethole | 0.883 | 1.130 |
109 | nerol | 0.005 | |
110 | p cymen 8 ol | 0.005 | 0.041 |
111 | caproic acid | 0.340 | 0.070 |
112 | benzyl alcohol | 0.122 | |
113 | phenylethyl alcohol | 0.074 | 0.065 |
114 | 2 acetyl pyrrol | 0.072 | |
115 | phenol | 0.020 | |
116 | anisaldehyde | 0.054 | |
117 | cinnamic aldehyde | 0.387 | 0.530 |
118 | triacetin | 0.125 | 0.096 |
119 | cuminyl alcohol | 0.036 | |
120 | ethyl cinnamate | 0.115 | 0.005 |
121 | eugenol | 0.303 | 0.207 |
122 | 3,5 dihydroxy 6 methyl 2,3 DH 4 pyranone | 0.073 | |
SUM | 98.345 | 97.710 | |
total integration area | 9.09E+07 | 2.95E+08 |