主题：【原创】翻译与改错（二）

原文由 hyheying 发表:
Neutral fat or paraffin— Add 1 g of Stearic Acid to 30 mL of anhydrous sodium carbonate solution (1 in 60) in a flask, and boil the mixture: the resulting solution, while hot, shows not more than a faint opalescence.
中性脂肪或蜡：取硬脂酸1g，加入已装有30mL无水碳酸钠溶液(1:60)的烧瓶中，加热煮沸，产生的溶液在加热时不显示浑浊。
PS：药典中规定，如果没有特别说明，溶液即是指水溶液，不知道这里为什么说成是无水碳酸钠溶液？另外，opalescence在这里是什么意思？

第一点不知道疑问在哪里
第二点，那个是说溶液呈现的颜色应该是轻微的乳白色，而不能是更深的颜色

原文由 hyheying 发表:

原文由 redanqi 发表:

原文由 hyheying 发表:
Mineral acid— Shake 5 g of melted Stearic Acid with an equal volume of hot water for 2 minutes, cool, and filter: the filtrate is not reddened by the addition of 1 drop of methyl orange TS.
水溶性酸：取硬脂酸5g，加等体积的热水熔化，振摇2分钟，放冷，滤过，滤液加甲基橙指示液1滴，不得显红色。

无机酸与水溶性酸是对等的吗？

你说得对，应该是无机酸。这段话前面部分不是直译的，这样译可以吗？有没有更好的建议？

这样译是可以的，更加符合中国人的阅读习惯，也完全保留了原文的意思

原文由 hyheying 发表:
» Stearic Acid is manufactured from fats and oils derived from edible sources and is a mixture of Stearic Acid (C18H36O2) and palmitic acid (C16H32O2). The content of C18H36O2 is not less than 40.0 percent, and the sum of the two is not less than 90.0 percent.
硬脂酸是从食品级的植物油与矿物油中生产而成。是硬脂酸与棕榈酸的混合物。硬脂酸的含量应不低于40.0%，二者含量的总和应不低于90.0%。
NOTE—Stearic Acid labeled solely for external use is exempt from the requirement that it be prepared from edible sources.
备注：作为外用的硬脂酸不要求来源于食品级。

Alternative :

备注：来源于食品级的规定, 对标明仅作外用的硬脂酸豁免。
备注：以食品级材料生产硬脂酸的规定, 对标明仅作外用的硬脂酸豁免。
备注：以食品级材料生产硬脂酸的规定, 对标明仅作外用者豁免。

It is better to keep the original translation.

继续：
Organic volatile impurities, Method V  467 : meets the requirements.
Solvent— Use dimethyl sulfoxide.
(Official until July 1, 2008)
有机挥发杂质，方法V：符合要求。溶剂：二甲亚砜。
Assay— Place about 100 mg of Stearic Acid in a small conical flask fitted with a suitable reflux attachment. Place about 50 mg of USP Stearic Acid RS and about 50 mg of USP Palmitic Acid RS in a similar flask. Treat each flask as follows. Add 5.0 mL of a solution prepared by dissolving 14 g of boron trifluoride in methanol to make 100 mL, swirl to mix, and reflux for 15 minutes or until the solid is dissolved. Cool, transfer the reaction mixture with the aid of 10 mL of chromatographic solvent hexane to a 60-mL separator, and add 10 mL of water and 10 mL of saturated sodium chloride solution. Shake, allow to separate, then drain and discard the lower, aqueous layer. Pass the hexane layer through 6 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate (previously washed with chromatographic solvent hexane) into a suitable flask. Using a syringe fitted with a suitable needle, introduce a 1-µL to 2-µL portion of the assay preparation (which contains the Stearic Acid) into a suitable gas chromatograph equipped with a flame-ionization detector. The column preferably is of glass, 1.5 m in length and 3 mm in inside diameter, and it is packed with 15% G4 on support S1A. The carrier gas is helium, passed through a bed of molecular sieve for drying, if necessary. The temperatures of the port and the detector are maintained at 210°, and the column temperature is maintained at 165°.
取硬脂酸约100mg，置于一带有回流装置的小型锥形瓶中；另取USP硬脂酸对照品与USP棕榈酸对照品各约50mg，同置于另一个带有回流装置的小型锥形瓶中。在每一个锥形瓶中，加5.0mL三氟化硼溶液（取14g三氟化硼，用甲醇溶解并稀释至100ml），搅拌使混合，回流15分钟或直至固体物溶解。放冷，将反应混合物转移至已装有10ml层析溶剂正己烷的60ml分液漏斗中，加10mL水和10mL饱和氯化钠溶液，振摇使分层，弃去下面的水层。将正己烷层用6g已用层析溶剂正己烷清洗过的无水硫酸钠过柱后放入适当的小瓶中。采用一个配备有适当针头的注射器，取1-2µL含量准备溶液（包含有硬脂酸）注入配有氢火焰离子化检测器的气相色谱仪，柱子最好为玻璃柱，长1.5-m，内径3-mm，填料为涂有S1A的15%的G4。载气为氦气，必要时可用分子筛干燥。进样口和检测器温度均为210℃，柱温为165℃。

System suitability— In a suitable chromatogram, the resolution factor, R (see Chromatography  621 ), is not less than 2.0 between the peaks from methyl palmitate and methyl stearate (located by comparison with the chromatogram of the standard preparation), and five replicate injections of a single sample show a coefficient of variation of not more than 1.5% in the percentage of methyl stearate and methyl palmitate, respectively. Measure the peak areas of the fatty acid esters in the chromatogram, and determine the percentage of C18H36O2 in the portion of Stearic Acid taken by the formula:
100(A / B)
in which A is the area due to the methyl stearate peak, and B is the sum of the areas of all of the fatty acid ester peaks in the chromatogram. Similarly, determine the percentage of C16H32O2.
系统适用性：在适当的色谱图中，棕榈酸甲酯峰与硬脂酸甲酯峰（与标准准备溶液色谱图中的位置进行比较）之间的分离度不得小于2.0。单个样品5次重复进样中，棕榈酸甲酯和硬脂酸甲酯百分比的相对标准偏差应分别不大于1.5%。量取色谱图中脂肪酸与酯的峰面积，并按下式计算硬脂酸中C18H36O2的百分比：
C18H36O2 (%)=  100（A/B）
式中：A为硬脂酸甲酯的峰面积；B为色谱图中所有脂肪酸峰面积的总和。并以同样的方式计算C16H32O2的百分比。

取硬脂酸5g，加等体积的热水熔化，这句翻得有问题，这里是不准确的，直译melted这个词，意义才准确